EU & WBs / Albania Energy Publication Centre

Dear Friends and Colleagues!

The here portal is in standby from January 2016! Then,
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to bring most relevant updates linked with the energy market in Albania.

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Lorenc
Gordani

www.adviser.albaniaenergy.org

For a harmonisation of
hydropower regimes in the European Single Market

Author(s): DOUGUET Sébastien, SAGUAN Marcelo

Editor(s): GLACHANT Jean-Michel, RIOUS Vincent

Find out more / Download it via EUI Repository: http://cadmus.eui.eu//handle/1814/38414

ABSTRACT

• Our study of hydropower regimes in European countries reveals the
considerably variable terms of hydropower usage rights, in both their joint
obligations and the degree of openness of the competition processes through
which these rights are granted.

• The environmental and economic stakes and liabilities associated with the
use of hydropower account for the in-depth public controls in granting these
rights. Nevertheless, the strong differences among hydropower regimes in Europe
cannot be explained by rational environmental or economic criteria while they
bring competition distortion to the common European electricity market.

• Over the last decade, the European Commission has opened several
infringement procedures to prompt the implementation of competitive processes.
However, unfortunately, this has not been undertaken with a common ‘European’
approach, which would ensure similar efforts throughout Member States to open
the competition process to access hydropower. The current discrepancies among
Member States create obstacles for countries engaged in a competitive renewal
process, as there is not a level playing field or a coherent European reference
framework.

• Thus, the heterogeneous state of European hydropower regimes requires
significant efforts from the European Commission, and the institutional
stakeholders, to stimulate harmonisation. It would help if the Commission
Directorates-General started debating the topic and coordinating their action.
New, clear steps must be taken to prepare national and regional authorities to
harmonise their rules of attribution and to mitigate competition distortions.

Albania in framework of Energy Community (EnC) is committed
to binding renewable energy targets of the 2020. The decision is part of the
adoption in 2012 of Directive 2009/28/EC on the promotion of the use of energy
from renewable sources. In this regard, ACERC has prepared a research study on the progress in renewable energy and an evaluation
of action to be taken by the country.

The research identifies, that several compliance gaps
with respect to the Renewables Directive remain, in relation to administrative
procedures in all sectors. The legislative framework is still not conducive to
investments in renewable energy, which is reflected among others in the
improper formulation of Power Purchase Agreements which are halting
investments, complicated authorisation and licensing rules and unsatisfactory
rules for connection to the networks. Biofuels sustainability criteria and
establishment of certification schemes have not been adopted in the country.

The research study examine the consistency,
effectiveness, relevance and viability of the national legislative measures
with the provisions of the Directive 2009/28/EC. The analysis identified
inconsistencies in the data reported with official energy statistics, mostly
related to biomass consumption. A fully adaptation of directive and the
revision of energy statistics based on energy consumption surveys is needed.

The study concludes that some progress has been
achieved on the use of renewable sources for electricity generation.
Nevertheless, the heating and cooling and transport sectors are severely
lagging behind. Then the country is at least slightly below the trajectory for
meeting the 2020 renewable energy targets in 2020. In certain sectors, a
revision of policies currently in place is urgently needed.

Albania stands among 49 countries
complying with the Extractive Industry Transparency Initiative.

As part of the
ongoing implementation of this initiative the Albanian Government publishes this informative report on the
extraction of oil, gas and other minerals, contribution of this industry to the
State budget and allocation and spending of these income. The final aim of this
initiative is to promote transparency in order
to prevent corruption, and raise awareness among citizens to
demand from their Government proper use of the fiscal and non-fiscal income
generated from the exploration and exploitation of natural resources in
Albania.

The EITI report for
the years 2013 and 2014 provides an overview of the upstream oil and gas sector, mining sector and hydro-energy sector and reconciliation of main
flows paid by licensees and collected from the government agencies in these
sectors.

Based on data
reported by AKBN and ERE production generated out
of these sectors is estimated at USD 777 million in
2013 and USD 815 million in 2014. Whilst its
contribution to the National Budget were 8.7% of revenue
recorded in National budget in 2013 and 3.5% in 2014.

Contribution of the extractive industry to total employment in the country is almost
insignificant. AKBN reports that companies licensed in oil, gas and mining
sectors employee collectively less than 1% of
total employee workforce registered in the country in 2013 and 2014.

Crude oil comprised about 67% of
the total output in both years. Approximately 87% of total oil producedwas
extracted from the Patos-Marineza oilfields.
Chapter 2 provides an overview of regulatory and fiscal regime and
exploration and production activities in the three sectors.

Selection of
reporting entities

All companies
operating an exploration license in oil, gas, and mining and a production
license in oil and gas were required to report under the EITI Standard. Thus, cash flows reconciled for the oil and gas sector represent 100% of
cash flowscontributed by the sector for the selected revenue
streams.

Because of the
large number of small-scale producers in the mining and hydro-energy sector,
certain materiality criteria based on annual turnover and production were
applied to select the most significant producers.

The selection
resulted in 81 mining companies in 2013, which
based on the data provided by AKBN, comprised 85% of the production value and 99 mining companies in 2014, which comprised 87% of the production value.

In the hydro-energy
sector, the MSG selected to report the 10 largest producers and 5 largest investments in the
pre-production phase.

By the date of this
Report cash flows were reconciled to 99% of cash
flows reported from licensees and the Government or licensees.

Section 5 and 6
present the reconciliation on an aggregated level. Company-by-company
reconciliation is presented in the appendices to the report. Table 3 and 4
below present a summary of the cash flow reconciliation.

Albanian Centre for Energy Regulation and Conservation – ACERC is
preparing to a close release of a study on Albanian Res Capacity and Energy Market Perspectives on view of EU Policies of
2020 and 2030. A study presented on 19th November 2015 by Dr Lorenc
Gordani at Conference Organized by Austrian Kosovo Society and the University
for Business and Technology UBT in coordination with the Ministry for Economic
Development in Kosovo.

The study that will focus on a general overview of the regulatory framework and the
contemplation of the national targets regard the use of renewable resources in
energy production (RES-E), heating and cooling (RES-R&R) and transportation
(RES-T) in Albania. Presentation that will following with of the scenarios of
the new installed capacity of electricity from water sources, solar, wind, and
biomass for 2020, 2025 and 2030.

The study offer a quantitative estimates, using a Levelised Cost of
Electricity – LCOE per unit of energy produced, offering a public and economic
burdens for each consumer. Presentation concluded with a summary of the
measures foreseen, to be introduced in view also as a part of the process of EU
integration, in the pursue of the specific objectives regard the progress of
the Action Plan for RES, in the comply with the Directive 2009/28/EU, in an
effort to achieve the objectives of the national consumption by 38%.

ACERC ha lanciato uno studio
sulle Capacità e Prospettive del Mercato Energetico Albanese Riguardo delle
Politiche dell’UE del 2020 e il 2030, ACERC Note 13 Novembre 2015

Dr Lorenc Gordani at Conference “Energy from Biomass in Albania: the frontier of a new business? Training, Innovation, Technology”, November 13, 2015 at Catholic University “Our Lady of Good Counsel” Tirana, Albania

La qui presentazione si concentrerà sull’inquadramento generale del quadro normativo e attuativo, alla contemplazione dei proiezioni di obiettivi nazionali preposti, riguardo l’utilizzo delle risorse rinnovabili nella produzione dell’energia (FER-E), riscaldamento (FER-R&R) e il trasporto (FER-T) in Albania. In seguito della quella si proseguirà con il mettere al focus la presentazione dei scenari su delle nuove capacità istallate dell’energia elettrica da fonti idriche, solari, eoliche, e biomasse per il 2020, 2025 e il 2030.

Il tutto prosegue con delle stime quantitative, mettendo a una comparazione livelizzata i costi di produzione per unita dell’energia (Levelised Cost of Electricity – LCOE), riguardo il budget pubblico richiesto e gli aggravi economici che il tutto comporterebbe per ciascun consumatore. Presentazione che si concluderà con una sintesi delle misure pubbliche prossime da introdursi nel proseguire gli obiettivi specifici riguardo l’avanzare del Piano d’Azione per i FER, per poter adeguarsi alla direttiva 2009/28/UE, nello sforzo al raggiungimento dei obbiettivi nazionali del consumo del 38% preposto prima di tutto anche dal processo stesso d’integrazione all’UE.

The International Energy Agency (IEA) has launched its 2015 World Energy
Outlook. Covering major issues including the drop in world oil prices, the end
of the rise in China’s coal consumption and the ‘critical’ global climate summit
in Paris this December, the Outlook makes for judicious reading for all in the
energy sector.

The report says that there are “clear signs” an energy transition is
underway, in particular since renewables powered almost half of the world’s new
power generation capacity in 2014. Moreover, pledges that have already been
submitted in advance of the climate summit are “rich in commitments on
renewables and energy efficiency.”

Reacting to the report, Miguel Arias Cañete, European Commissioner for
climate action and energy, said: “The good news is that the report shows the
world is shifting towards clean energy. But while the direction of travel is
changing, the destination is still not the 2 degrees. I am convinced that an
ambitious global climate agreement in Paris will help accelerate the necessary
global energy transition. The EU is ready to continue to do its part.”

The WEO 2015 also includes energy projections up to 2040 and examines
renewables, fossil fuels, energy efficiency and CO2 emissions. It
finds that world energy demand is likely to rise by nearly one-third between
2013 and 2040 due to increases in energy consumption in developing
countries.

IEA
press release: Low prices should give no cause for complacency on energy
security, IEA says

IEA world energy
outlook

IEA

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